ppt on THE INTERPLANETARY INTERNET .pdf download

ABSTRACT

A strategy is being developed whereby
the current set of internationally
standardized space data
communications protocols can be
incrementally evolved so that a first
version of an operational
“Interplanetary Internet” is feasible by
the end of the decade. This paper
describes its architectural concepts,
discusses the current set of standard
space data communications
capabilities that exist to support Mars
exploration and reviews proposed new
developments. It is also speculated that
these current capabilities can grow to
support future scenarios where human
intelligence is widely distributed
across the solar system and day-to-day
communications dialog between
planets is routine.

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ppt on INTELLIGENT SKYSCRAPER MONITORING SYSTEM . pdf download

1. ABSTRACT

The collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) has
reminded us of the importance of structural integrity
Monitoring for improving disaster preparedness and
response. A real-time system based on GPS and optical
fiber sensors for monitoring structural integrity of the
skyscraper has been proposed. In the designed system,
there are 4 RTK GPS receivers atop the skyscraper on the
vertices and 4 groups of several strings of optical fiber
Bragg grating (FBG) sensors deployed along the 4 edges
of the perimeters. The GPS sensors are used to measure
the 3D positions of the vertices so that strain, tilt and
rotation of the skyscraper can be determined. The
vibrations of the skyscraper can be measured directly if an
external reference GPS receiver is used together with the
rover receivers atop the skyscraper at high sampling rate.
The optical fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are used to
measure both strain and temperature. The conceptual
design of the combined system of GPS and optical fiber
sensors was based on the dimensions of the WTC. The
system proposed here may also prove to be useful for the
monitoring of other structures.

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ppt on INTEGRATED FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER FOR SPEED CONTROL OF BRUSHLESS DCMOTOR DRIVES .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

Brush Less dc (BLDC)
are penetrating in the market of home
appliances, industry, and
defense/military, automotive
applications in recent years because
of their high efficiency, silent
operation, compact form, reliability,
and low maintenance. BLDC are also
being popularly used in radar systems
for antenna positioning applications.
For accurate reception and
transmission of signals, the position
of the radar antenna must be precise.
This paper deals with the design and
development of integrated fuzzy logic
controller (IFLC) for the speed
control of BLDC servomotor drive
using virtual instrumentation
(Lab VIEW 6i). The proposed
controller system consists of twoinput
one-output FLC i.e., error and
change in error as inputs to the
system with single-output. The IFLC
is constructed by using FLC and PID
controllers for BLDC motor speed

control application.

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ppt on image processing .pdf download

ABSTRACT

In this paper, the basics of capturing an image, image processing to
modify and enhance the image is discussed. There are many applications for Image
Processing like surveillance, navigation, and robotics. Robotics is a very interesting
field and promises future development so it is chosen as an example to explain the
various aspects involved in Image Processing.
The various techniques of Image Processing are explained briefly and
the advantages and disadvantages are listed. There are countless different routines that
can be used for variety of purposes. Most of these routines are created for specific
operations and applications. However, certain fundamental techniques such as
convolution masks can be applied to many classes of routines. We have concentrated
on these techniques, which enable us to adapt, develop, and use other routines and
techniques for other applications. The advances in technology have created tremendous
opportunities for visual system and image processing. There is no doubt that the trend
will continue into the future.

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ppt on HARDWARE PRESENTATION ON ELECTRONICS DICE .pdf download

Abstract:

The dice has six plane surfaces bearing one to six dots that determine the
steps of forward movement. In this electronic version the players need to press a switch
instead of throwing the six-surface dice. When the switch is pressed momentarily, the
seven-segmented counter display’s a number immediately in one to six.

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ppt on HAM Radio Communication .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

Ham Radio (amateur radio) is a popular hobby amongst electronics enthusiasts all over
the world. Basically the hobby involves a person in making his own gear consisting of a receiver
and transmitter or a transceiver (a receiver and a transmitter in one unit) after procuring a license
from the Ministry of Communications. Various institutions with governmental help have come
into being recently.
Throughout the history, amateur radio enthusiasts have made significant contributions to
science, engineering, industry, and social services. The economic and social benefit derived from
research by amateur radio operators has founded new industries, built economies, empowered
nations, and saved lives.
Increasing a person's knowledge of electronics and radio theory as well as radio
contesting are also popular aspects of amateur radio. In this article we basically concentrate on
the various specifications as defined by the HAM operators such as the Transmitter, Receivers,
amplifiers, and the oscillator circuits. The basic block diagram has been illustrated.
At various stages of the paper the applications and the diverse uses of HAM have been
illustrated. The handy role of the HAM radio in various disasters management circumstances
have also been provided.

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ppt on gid computing . pdf download

ABSTRACT

During recent years, we have witnessed
a major paradigm shift in distributed
computing principles, with a focus
towards service orientation, open
standards integration, collaboration, and
virtualization. “Grid” computing has
emerged as an important new field,
distinguished from conventional
distributed computing by its focus on
large-scale resource sharing, innovative
applications, and, in some cases, highperformance
orientation. In this paper,
we focus our analysis on this evolution
and the significance of achieving some
form of standardization of grid
computing architecture principles.

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ppt on GPS- A COMMUNICATION GADGET . pdf download

ABSTRACT:

This paper describes one of the fastest
growing technologies, which provides
unequalled accuracy and flexibility of
positioning for navigation, surveying and
GIS data capture named as Global
Positioning System (GPS). By using this
you can know where you were located on
the planet at all times. The GPS provides
continuous 3-dimensional positioning 24
hrs a day throughout the world. This
technology has tremendous amount of
applications in Geophysics and geology
Location-based services, and mapping.
This paper is mainly concerned with the
description of GPS and how it works.
Some attention is also paid on the errors
related to GPS and also the ways to reduce
these errors

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ppt on GPRS Communication Using Embedded Device .pdf download

Abstract

The task of creating a cheap and flexible device for Supervisory Control And
Data Acquisition (SCADA) is the goal of this project. SCADA systems generally cover larger
geographic areas, and rely on a variety of communications systems that are normally less
reliable than a LAN.
The device is intended to operate as part of a previously defined architecture.
By using a very simple and cheap microprocessor, and relying on an existing
communications infrastructure – the mobile phone network, the task was accomplished to the
point that a functional system now exists. GPRS provides us with a relatively cheap,
continuous connection to the Internet, and a web interface hides complexity from the user.

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ppt on GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM .pdf download

ABSTRACT

Global Positioning System (GPS) is the only system today able to show ones own
position on the earth any time in any weather, anywhere. This paper addresses this
satellite based navigation system at length. The different segments of GPS viz. space
segment, control segment, user segment are discussed. In addition, how this amazing
system GPS works, is clearly described. The various errors that degrade the performance
of GPS are also included. DIFFERENTIAL GPS, which is used to improve the accuracy
of measurements, is also studied. The need, working and implementation of DGPS are
discussed at length. Finally, the paper ends with advanced application of GPS.

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ppt on WIRELESS COMMUNICATION .pdf download

ABSTRACT

Wireless networks are nowadays the most popular means of data communication.
A wireless network is defined as a network protocol that enables online content to be
viewed and accessed via wireless devices such as cell phones, laptops and handheld
devices. Bluetooth is a simple type of wireless networking that allows the formation
of a small network with up to eight devices being connected at once.Wireless
networks may operate on licensed or unlicensed portions of the frequency
spectrum. Some of the types of wireless networks that we come across are
WLANS(Wireless Local Area Networks),WPANS(Wireless Personal Area
Networks),WMANS( Wireless Metropolitan Area Networks),WWANS(Wireless
Wide Area Networks).As far as application point of view the different categories of
wireless networks are CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data), HSCSD (High Speed
Circuit Switched Data), PDC-P (Packet Data Cellular),GPRS(General Packet
Radio Service),1xRTT(1x Radio Transmission Technology), Bluetooth,
MMDS(Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service),LMDS(Local Multipoint
Distribution Service),WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave
Access),802.11(Wi-Fi)The advantages offered by wireless networks lure the users
around the world to switch to wireless networks. But users have to compromise with
the speed limitations offered by wireless networks.

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ppt on GESTURE RECOGNITION AND HMM .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

Understanding human
motions can be posed as a pattern
recognition problem. Humans express timevarying
motion patterns (gestures), such as
a wave, in order to convey a message to a
recipient. If a computer can detect and
distinguish these human motion patterns, the
desired message can be reconstructed, and
the computer can respond appropriately.
This thesis describes an approach to
recognize domain-dependent gestures using
various different mehods. Constellation
method and Hidden Markov Model (HMM)
are one of the different methods of gesture
recognition. Both methods have their special
features and used according to appropriate
situations. HMM involves more
mathematical calculations than
constellation method.

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ppt on GENETIC ALGORITHMS .pdf download

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are adaptive heuristic search algorithm premised on the
evolutionary ideas of natural selection and genetic. The basic concept of GAs is designed
to simulate processes in natural system necessary for evolution, specifically those that
follow the principles first laid down by Charles Darwin of survival of the fittest. As such
they represent an intelligent exploitation of a random search within a defined search
space to solve a problem.
GAs were introduced as a computational analogy of adaptive systems. They are modelled
loosely on the principles of the evolution via natural selection, employing a population of
individuals that undergo selection in the presence of variation-inducing operators such as
mutation and recombination (crossover). A fitness function is used to evaluate
individuals, and reproductive success varies with fitness.

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ppt on FUZZY LOGIC BASED OVER CURRENT PROTECTION FOR MV NETWORKS .pdf download

Abstract

In the paper a novel approach to over current protection
stabilization based on FUZZY Logic technique is presented. The scheme is intended
for MV overhead lines for which the auto enclosure function is applied to enhance
reliability of supply in case of intermediate the feeders supplying a part of network
with numerous loaded MV/LV transformers that may face inrush conditions after
reemerging the line. Traditional harmonic effective for line over current protection
because of different current spectrum as measured at the MV bus bars. The new FL
protection developed takes both current and voltage signals for further processing
and final decision is issued as a result of partial decision support coefficients.
Application of signal fuzzification an fuzzy setting enabled obtaining a relay with
increased sensitivity, reliability and much faster than commonly available solutions.
The developed fuzzy protection scheme has been tested with EMTP signals and
compared with other standard protection approaches.

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ppt on fuzzy logic .pdf download

ABSRACT:

Fuzzy logic is a superset of conventional
(Boolean) logic that has been extended to
handle the uncertainty in data. It was
introduced by Dr. Lotfi Zadeh of UC/Berkeley
in the 1960's as a means to model the
uncertainty of natural language. Fuzzy logic is
useful to processes like manufacturing
because of its ability to handle situations that
the traditional true/false logic can't adequately
deal with. It lets a process specialist describe,
in everyday language, how to control actions
or make decisions without having to describe
the complex behavior.

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ppt on FUTURE WITH NANOTECHNOLOGY .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

Today’s most intriguing, curiositydriven
and promising area of technology
is by far the “nanotechnology”.
Technology concerns the building of
useful things based on known scientific
principles. Thus ‘nanotechnology’
means building of useful things based on
things of dimensions at the nanometer
level. The scientific community to
describe various phenomena occurring
in these tiny structural domains often
uses various words with prefix ‘nano’.
Understanding of the science of
nanomaterials is important and
curiosity-driven not only because of the
fascinating nature of the subject itself
but also for its overwhelming and novel
applications of various nanoscale
systems in almost all branches of
technology. Nanotechnology cuts across
disciplines without a thought. From
physics, we have tools that allow us to
see and manipulate matter at
unprecedented small scales. From
chemistry, we have methods for
synthesizing and assembling molecules,
from materials science; we know that
this is also the scale of a cell. The reason
that nanotechnology is causing so much
excitement is the potential to bring
together all these disciplines to tackle
common problems—and, of course, solve
them with a plethora of new applications.
The present paper attempts in a nutshell
to give a peripheral sketch towards the
understanding of this amazing subject of
nanomaterials.

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ppt on FUEL CELLS .pdf download

ABSTRACT

You may have heard a lot recently about fuel cells. According to many
news reports, we may soon be using the new energy-saving technology to
generate electrical power for our homes and cars. The technology is extremely
interesting to people in all walks of life because it offers a means of making
power more efficiently and with less pollution. A fuel cell is an
electrochemical energy conversion device. A fuel cell converts the chemicals
hydrogen and oxygen into water, and in the process it produces electricity. In
addition to clean, quiet operation, fuel cells offer highly reliable, high-quality
electricity.
In

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ppt on finger chip : Fingerprint recognition based on silicon chips .pdf download

Abstract

After introducing the fingerprint recognition mechanism, different types of
fingerprint sensors will be presented, with silicon-based sensors being shown as a less
expensive solution. The fact that lower area means lower cost for silicon chips will be
demonstrated by looking at ‘sweeping’ solutions such as the FingerChip™. Then, the
fingerprint system will be detailed from a silicon point-of-view: how the integration of
the sensor and processor may enhance the cost and the security, associated (or not) with a
smart card.
Keywords: Biometrics; Fingerprint recognition; Fingerprint sensor

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ppt on FIBER OPTICS IN COMMUNICATION . pdf download

ABSTRACT

An opical fibre (or fibre) is a glass or plastic fiber designed to guide light along its
length by total internal reflection.Fiber optics is the branch of applied science and
engineering concerned with such optical fibers.optical fibers are widely used in
fiber optic communication, which permitts digital data transmission over longer
distances and at higher data rates than other forms of wired and wireless
communications.they are also used to form sensors,and in a variety of other
applications.

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ppt on FACE RECOGNITION . pdf download

ABSTRACT

Face Recognition is the inherent capability of human beings.
Identifying a person by face is one of the most fundamental human
functions since time immemorial. Face recognition by computer is to
endow a machine with capability to approximate in some sense, a similar
capability in human beings. To impart this basic human capability to a
machine has been a subject of interest over the last few years. Such a
machine would find considerable utility in many commercial transactions,
personal management, security and the law enforcement applications,
especially in criminal identification, authentication in secure system etc.
Enough research has not been carried out on identification of human
faces. However a number of automated or semi-automated recognition
studies have been reported.

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ppt on FACE MORPHING .pdf download

ABSTRACT

A study on face morphing is
proposed. The algorithms explains the
extra feature of points on face and based
on these feature points, images are
portioned and morphing is performed .The
algorithms has been used to generate
morphing between images of face of
different people as well as between images
of face of individuals. To do face
morphing, feature points are usually
specified manually in animation
industries. . However, this approach
involved computation of 3N dimensional
probability density function, N being the
number of pixels of the image, and we
thought the approach was too much
computation-demanding. Within the scope
of this project, we built up a prototypical
automatic animation generator that can
take an arbitrary pair of facial images and
generate morphing between them. The
results of both inter and intra personal
morphing are subjectively satisfactory.

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ppt on ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE PROTECTION FOR HIGH SPEED I/O SIGNALS IN VLSI TECHNOLOGY .pdf download

ABSTRACT

Electrostatic discharges constitute a danger for integrated circuits that never should be underestimated .
This paper focuses on what is ESD , where does this term occurs , what are the damages caused by ESD and
its cost of damage at each and every level. Electrostatic charging can occur as a result of friction, as well as
for other reasons. When two non conducting materials rub together, then are separated, opposite
electrostatic charges remain on both. These charges attempt to equalize each other. A common example of
the generation of such charges is when one walks with well-insulated shoes on a carpet that is electrically
non conducting, causing the body to become charged. If a conducting object is touched, for example, a
water pipe or a piece of equipment connected to a ground line, the body is discharged. The energy stored in
the human body is injected into the object that is touched, and is converted primarily into heat..The various
levels of human perceptions and its ranges are also discussed. We have some elementary circuit models in
which the ESD occur and some graphical comparisons of the above models. This test circuits have been
developed to test sensitivity to electrostatic discharges by simulating various scenarios. These test circuits
are analyzed in more detail in the following paragraphs. These should provide the design engineer with
insight into the reliability of these tests and the effectiveness of the individual protection circuits, providing
the criteria to decide, in individual cases, whether additional precautions are necessary. We have the
classification of failures based on ESD , their respective contribution percentages and the basic circuits for
the preventions of ESD.

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ppt on ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

The electromagnetic environment is the integral part of the world in which
we live. Various apparatus such as radio and television broadcast stations,
communication transmitters, and other radar and navigational aids radiate
electromagnetic energy during their normal operation. These are intentional and
unintentional radiations of electromagnetic energy into the environment. Many
appliances, such as automobile ignition systems and industrial control equipment
used in everyday life also emit electromagnetic energy although these emissions
are not an essential part of normal operation. The electromagnetic environment
created by these intentional and unintentional sources, when sufficiently strong,
interferes with the operation of many electrical and electronics equipment and
systems which degrades the performance of the system. Electromagnetic
Interference is nothing but electromagnetic pollution. It is neither seen nor sensed
nor audible and hence it is a salient threat.

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ppt on EMBEDDED SYSTEMS LARGE AIRCRAFT INFRARED COUNTERMEASURES SYSTEMS .pdf download

ABSTRACT

Regarding the recent escape by an Israeli charter airline in which terrorists fired a pair of infrared
(IR) SA-7 surface-to-air missiles at an Israeli passenger jet in Kenya late last year, the near-disaster
called attention to commercial aircraft's vulnerability to small, shoulder-launched weapons. Shoulderlaunched
missiles or MANPADS (man portable air-defense systems) have been a military staple for
decades. MANPADS are manufactured around the world and cost between $20 000 and $70 000 per
system by some estimates, more than 500 000 shoulder-fired missile systems now exist, and it only
takes one bought on the market to severely damage or even bring down a plane. They are easily
transportable, designed to be setup and fired by two people with minimal training, and have a range of
about 5 km. Since the infra-red threat is becoming more deadly one of the more challenging aspects is
the development of an urgently needed missile defense system, which enhances commercial passenger
aircrafts survive against currently deployed infrared missiles, with growth to handle future
generations of anti- aircraft missiles. Breakthroughs in the development of improved and smarter
target acquisition systems have made it necessary to strenuously develop new countermeasure
systems that can assure the survivability of large aircrafts
This is a crucial time for the aircraft-survivability community. Whether you operate in the
realm of susceptibility or vulnerability, in the realm of military or civilaviation, with an estimated
inventory of 500,000 shoulder-launched IR missiles around the world, IR jammers may become more
important to air travelers than comfortable seats and in-flight movies.

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ppt on EMBEDDED SYSTEMS . pdf download

Abstract:

Imagine you control all the systems around just by a simple gesture and the things
respond to you as if it was some magic. This could be possible with embedded systems.
The term ‘embedded systems’ is quite a complex one. Simply put, it is a combination of
hardware and software that performs the component of a larger system. A few years ago embedded
technology existed in stand-alone devices such as vending machines and copiers that did their jobs
with little regards for what went on around them. But as technology advance to connect devices to
the internet and to each other, the potential of embedded technology has increased. Home
appliances, mobile phones, cars, tiny micro chips, avionics etc.., are all using embedded
technology.

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ppt on ELECTRO MAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

The electromagnetic environment is the integral part of the world in which
we live. Various apparatus such as radio and television broadcast stations,
communication transmitters, and other radar and navigational aids radiate
electromagnetic energy during their normal operation. These are intentional and
unintentional radiations of electromagnetic energy into the environment. Many
appliances, such as automobile ignition systems and industrial control equipment
used in everyday life also emit electromagnetic energy although these emissions
are not an essential part of normal operation. The electromagnetic environment
created by these intentional and unintentional sources, when sufficiently strong,
interferes with the operation of many electrical and electronics equipment and
systems which degrades the performance of the system. Electromagnetic
Interference is nothing but electromagnetic pollution. It is neither seen nor sensed
nor audible and hence it is a salient threat.

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ppt on ELLIPTIC CURVE CRYPTOGRAPHY .pdf download

ABSTRACT

Asymmetric cryptography is a
marvelous technology. Its uses are many
and varied.
And when you need it, you need it. For
many situations in distributed network
environments, asymmetric cryptography
is a must during communications. If
you're taming key distribution issues
with a public key infrastructure (PKI),
you're using asymmetric cryptography.
If you're designing or employing any
kind of network protocol or application
requiring secure communications, to
come up with a practical solution, you're
going to have to use asymmetric
cryptography.


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ppt on ECHO CANCELLATION IN VOICE OVER IP .pdf download

Abstract:

This paper provides an introduction into the basics of echo cancellation. The
paper is kept general but it emphasizes on the emerging Voice over IP (VoIP)
market. However, most aspects can also applied to Asynchronous Transfer
Mode (ATM) or wireless networks. This paper shows why and where echo
cancellation is required, what echo is, and what causes it. It also gives an
overview of the standards involved in echo cancellation. The SIDECTM, Infineon’s
digital echo canceller, meets the requirements of the VoIP market. This paper
shows how it can be integrated into a VoIP system and the advantages the
solution offers.

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ppt on digital signal procesing .pdf download

ABSTRACT

A signal is defined as any physical quantity that varies with time ,space ,or any
other independent variable .Signal may be in any form like images from remote space
probes, voltages generated by the heart and brain, radar and sonar echoes, seismic
vibrations, and countless other forms .Signal processing is any operation that changes the
characteristics of a signal into desired form .These characteristics include the amplitude
shape ,phase and frequency content of the signal .

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ppt on DNA COMPUTING .pdf download

Abstract

Silicon microprocessors
have been the heart of computing world
for more than forty years. Computer chip
manufacturers are furiously racing to
make the next microprocessor that will
topple speed records and in the process
are cramming more and more electronic
devices onto the microprocessor. Sooner
or later the physical speed and
miniaturization limits of silicon
microprocessors is bound to hit a wall.
Chipmakers need a new
material to produce faster computing
speed with fewer complexities. You
won’t believe where scientists have
found this new material. DNA, the
material our genes are made of, is being
used to build the next generation of
microprocessors. Scientists are using
this genetic material to create nanocomputers
that might take the place of
silicon computers in the next decade.

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ppt on digital watermaking . pdf download

ABSTRACT

In the wake of increasing copyright misuses, several new technologies are developed to
preserve the authentication of information. Digital water marking is one of them. It is a
technique that allows us to add hidden copyright notices, verification messages or any
other useful information to the original signal.The hidden message can be a group of bits
that describe something about the signal or about the genuine author of the signal. The
description can be about the name, place or something related to this. Much of the
research work has been done in the field of digital watermarking in the recent period of
time.In this paper, a brief description about various digital water marking techniques for
different media types is given. Watermark insertion and watermark decoding is described
as well. The watermarking techniques described for various media types include audio
water marking, video water marking, image water marking and text water marking. Some
of the properties and applications are also discussed.

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ppt on DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING .pdf download

ABSTRACT:

In the present world Computer Graphics plays an important role. The areas
here we are using computer graphics are Entertainment, Presentations, Education and
training, Visualization, Design, Image Processing and Graphical User Interface. In all
these Image Processing has its own importance.
Image Processing deals with how we can improve the clarity of image and
to manipulate the image which is a ver important application of computer graphics. In
Image processing we are doing some operation on image.

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ppt on digital image capturing and processing .pdf download

ABSTRACT:-

In the present world Computer Graphics plays an important role. The
areas here we are using computer graphics are Entertainment, Presentations,
Education and training, Visualization, Design, Image Processing and Graphical User
Interface. In all these Image Processing has its own importance
Image Processing deals with how we can improve the clarity of image
and to manipulate the image which is a very important application of computer
graphics. In Image processing we are doing some operation on image.
This paper mainly concentrates on what is an image and how image
processing takes place and digital image. It also deals with Characteristics of
image operations like types of operations and types of neighborhood and the
various techniques of Image Processing are explained briefly and the advantages and
disadvantages are listed.

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ppt on DIGITAL JEWELLERY . pdf download

1. ABSTRACT:

Mobile computing is beginning to break the chains that tie us to our desks, but many of today's mobile
devices can still be a bit awkward to carry around. In the next age of computing, there will be an
explosion of computer parts across our bodies, rather than across our desktops. Basically, jewelry
adorns the body, and has very little practical purpose. However, researchers are looking to change the
way we think about the beads and bobbles we wear. The combination of microcomputer devices and
increasing computer power has allowed several companies to begin producing fashion jewelry with
embedded intelligence i.e., Digital jewelry. Digital jewelry can best be defined as wireless, wearable
computers that allow you to communicate by ways of e-mail, voicemail, and voice communication.
This paper enlightens on how various computerized jewelry (like ear-rings, necklace, ring, bracelet,
etc.,) will work with mobile embedded intelligence.

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ppt on datamining and warehousing . pdf download

ABSTRACT

The Data Warehousing supports business analysis and decision making by creating an
enterprise wide integrated database of summarized, historical information. It integrates data
from multiple incompatible sources. By transforming data into meaningful information a data
warehouse allows the business manager to perform more substantive, accurate and consistent
analysis.
DataMining techniques can be implemented rapidly on existing software and hardware
platforms to enhance the value of existing information resources and can be integrated with new
products and systems as they are brought online. When implemented on high performance
clien/server or parallel processing computers datamining tools can analyze massive databases
that support querying effectively.
A Data Warehouse is of course a database, but it contains summarized information.
Integration of Data Mining with Warehouse exploits effective results like better quering process,
performance sharing and also getting reliable information. Here in the following section we
expose the entire concept of Data Warehousing & Data Mining.

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ppt on Data Mining And Visualizing . pdf download

Introduction

The point of data visualization is to let the user understand what is going on. Since data
mining usually involves extracting "hidden" information from a database, this
understanding process can get somewhat complicated. In most standard database
operations nearly everything the user sees is something that they knew existed in the
database already. A report showing the breakdown of sales by product and region is
straightforward for the user to understand because they intuitively know that this kind of
information already exists in the database. If the company sells different products in
different regions of the county, there is no problem translating a display of this
information into a relevant understanding of the business process.

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ppt on DATA WAREHOUSING AND DATA MINING . pdf download

ABSTRACT

Data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive information from
large databases, is a powerful new technology with great potential to help
companies focus on the most important information in their data
warehouses. Data mining tools predict future trends and behaviors, allowing
businesses to make proactive, knowledge-driven decisions. The automated,
prospective analyses offered by data mining move beyond the analyses of
past events provided by retrospective tools typical of decision support
systems.
Data warehouse is a computer system designed to give business
decision-makers instant access to information. The warehouse copies its
data from existing systems like order entry, general ledger, and human
resources and stores it for use by executives rather than programmers.
Data warehouse users use special software that enables them to create
and access information when they need it, as opposed to a reporting
schedule defined by the information systems(IS) department.
This paper describes about the basic architecture of data
warehousing, it’s software and process of data warehousing. It also
presents different techniques followed in data mining.

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ppt on cryptography .pdf download

Abstract:

This paper proposes to introduce public-keycryptography into digital atermarking
so that all the informationfor extracting a watermark can be opened. In the proposed
system,a watermark is embedded into “an encrypted-image with a publickey”, then the
watermarked encrypted-image is decrypted usingthe corresponding private key. Using the
opened information suchas the public key and the extracting algorithm, any one can
extracta watermark from a watermarked image. Any cracker whodoesn’t possess the
private key can not defuse nor alter awatermark. It should be noted that in the system, the
watermarkedimage would differ considerably from the original image, sincesmall noise
embedded on the encrypted-image is usually expandedwhen it is decrypted. This paper
also shows the possibility to solvethe problem.

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ppt on CRYPTOGRAPHY AND STEGANOGRAPHY .pdf download

ABSTRACT

STEGANOGRAPHY is the art of hiding
data in ways that prevent its detection.
Steganography is usually given as a
synonym for Cryptography but it is
not usually used in that way. It is not
intended to replace cryptography but
supplement it. Computer-based
techniques introduce changes to digital
covers to embed data foreign to the
native covers. Such data may be
communicated in the form of text, binary
files or provide additional information
about the cover and its owner such as
digital watermarks or fingerprints. Smart
cards enables us to perform smart
commerce in the digital age. The smart
card, an intelligent token, is a credit card
sized plastic card embedded with an
integrated circuit chip that makes it
“smart”. It provides not only memory
capacity, but computational capability as
well. This paper explains a new
algorithm, which describes how
steganography can be combined with
cryptography to enhance security of
data stored in smart cards.
This paper aims to outline a general
introduction to cryptography and
steganography, gives an introduction to
smart cards, elucidates the proposed
algorithm, and illustrates how security
of data in smart card is enhanced using
this algorithm.

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ppt on CRYONICS [ ON WAY TO RAISING THE DEAD?] . pdf download

Abstract:

Today technology plays a vital role in every aspect of life.
Increasing standards in technology in many fields , has taken man today to
high esteem. But the present available technologies are unable to interact with
the atoms, such a minute particles. Hence Nanotechnology has been developing.
Nanotechnology is nothing but a technology which uses atoms with a view to
creating a desired product. It has wider applications in all the fields. The
important application is Cryonics.. Cryonics is nothing but an attempt of raising
the dead - making them alive. First we preserve the body then by using
molecular machines based nanotechnology we could revive the patients by
repairing damaged cells.

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ppt on CRYOGENICS LIQUID NITROGEN AS A NON- POLLUTING FUEL .pdf downloadddddd

ABSTRACT:

Our paper examines the capability of several energy conversion
processes to provide sufficient energy in a world where the non-renewable
resources are getting depleted. Moreover pollution caused by them is
increasing at a rapid rate. One such efficient and non-polluting means of
running the vehicles is the use of liquid nitrogen. To use liquid nitrogen as a
non-polluting fuel, a multiple reheat open Rankine and a closed Brayton cycle
are used.

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ppt on CONTROLLING AND MONITORING OF SUBSTATION AUTOMATION .pdf download

Abstract

Protection and substation control have
Under gone dramatic changes since the
advent of powerful micro-processing and
digital communication. Smart multi
functional and communicative feeder
units, so called IEDs(Intelligent
Electronic Devices) have replaced
traditional conglomerations of
mechanical and static panel
instrumentation. Combined protection,
monitoring and control devices and LAN
based integrated substation automation
systems are now state of the art.Modern
communication technologies including
the Internet are used for remote
monitoring, setting and retrieval of load
and faultdata. Higher performance at
lower cost hasresulted in a fast
acceptance of the new technology.
The trend of system integration will
continue, driven by the cost pressure of
competition and technological progress.
The ongoing development towards
totally integrated substations is expected
to pick up speed with the approval of the
open communication standard IEC61850
in the next years.

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ppt on CMOS SCALING LIMITS AND RELIABILITY ISSUES IN VLSI DESIGNED ELECTRONIC CHIPS .pdf download

Abstract

Over the last two decades, CMOS scaling has been the driver for
Electronics industry. During the last few years, the pace of scaling has been
accelerating, and we are approaching some fundamental limits of the CMOS
technology. In this paper, some of the key challenges of the CMOS scaling, as we
approach sub 100 nm regimes, are reviewed in terms of physical and fabricating
limits. CMOS technology is facing many critical challenges to continue its scaling
trend. This affects not only the fabrication technologies but also various VLSI
design rules that are to be implemented while designing a chip. We discussed about
various fabrication as well as design issues following Moore’s law and what
happens when it reaches its limit as continuous scaling of VLSI devices take place.
Apart from that, various VLSI chip reliability issues both at design and device
phase and various methods proposed by researchers were also discussed. We see
VLSI as a chip fabrication methodology as well as design methodology in this
paper.

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ppt on CELLULAR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS .pdf download

Abstract:

GSM stands for Global System for
Mobile communications, and CDMA
stands for Code Division Multiple
Access. The GSM is built around the
TDMA, or the Time Division Multiple
Access concept. Basically, the two
technologies address differently the
same fundamental problem of mobile
communication, how to divide the finite
frequency of airwaves between multiple
users at the same time, or, how to make
more than one person to carry on a
conversation on the same frequency
without causing mutual interference..


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ppt on CDMA / Mobile Communication Techniques .pdf download

ABSTRACT

In today’s world of technology it’s really excitingand enthusiastic to know that
a frequency band of 800MHz or 1900 MHz is used for mobile
communication.Technologies that we are using for mobile communication
are known as cellular access technologies – GSM, FDMA,TDMA and CDMA.
FDMA is the technology that separates this spectrum into distinct voice
channels by splitting it into uniform chunks of bandwidth. It’s not an efficient
technology for digital transmission. In TDMA, a narrow band that is 30 KHz
wide and 6.7 milliseconds long is split time wise into three time slots. Each
conversation gets radio for one third of the time. In this case voice data has
been converted to digital information so that the transmission space is reduced
CDMA, after digitizing the data spreads it out over the entire available
bandwidth. Multiple calls are over laid on each other on the channel with each
assigned a unique sequence code.Continuousdevelopment of mobile
communication has led to the evolution of the Bluetooth, GPRS, Wi-Fi for
providing the internet facility. In conclusion one can easily say that CDMA
combined with Bluetooth and GPRS is the best and the latest technology that
we are using for mobile communication.

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ppt on CARBON NANOTUBES . pdf download

ABSTRACT

The present article is an attempt to review the history and progress,
which have been made in the area of growth, characterization and applications of
Carbon Nanotubes.They are tubular graphite sheets that have carbon molecules at
the apexes of hexagons.The exemplary chemical, thermal, and electrical
properties of CNT’s make them the preferred alternative material for various
devices that include batteries, fuel cells, composites, semiconductors,etc.Thus the
birth and development of CNT has indeed sent shock waves to various competing
materials and technologies spanning various industries targeted by CNT.

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ppt on OPTICAL CAMOUFLAGE .pdf download

Abstract :

This paper describes a kind of active camouflage system named Optical
Camouflage. Initially,Camouflage is made understood and then the theory of optical camouflage
is developed.Optical Camouflage uses the Retro-reflective Projection Technology, a projectionbased
augmented–reality system, composed of a projector with a small iris and a retroreflective
screen.The concept of optical camouflage is straightforward : to create the illusion of
invisibility by covering an object with something that projects the scene directly behind that
object. This system was conceived with the primary view in mind of concealing stationary or
moving objects such as men, vehicles, or aircraft from view and has practical military, law
enforcement, and security applications.

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ppt on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) .pdf download

Abstract

Over the last decade Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) have
evoked great interest in the scientific and engineering communities. They are formed
by integration of electronic and mechanical components at micron level. They have
several substantive advantages: orders of magnitude smaller size, better performance
than other solutions, possibilities for batch fabrication and cost-effective integration
with electronics and potentially large reduction in power consumption, etc. This paper
will give an introduction to these exciting developments of MEMS, the fabrication
technology used and applications in various fields.

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ppt on Bluetooth .pdf download

Abstract

Bluetooth is the communication protocol
standards that define a physical layer and
a MAC layer for wireless
communications within a short range
(from a few meters up to 100 m) with
low power consumption (from less than
1 mW up to 100 mW). Bluetooth is
oriented to connecting close devices,
serving as a substitute for cables, while
Wi-Fi is oriented toward computer-tocomputer
connections, as an extension of
or substitution for cabled LANs. In this
article we offer an overview of these
popular wireless communication
standards, comparing their main features
and behaviors in terms of various
metrics, including capacity, network
topology, security, quality of service
support, and power consumption.

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ppt on Blu-ray Discs .pdf download

ABSTRACT

Blu-ray, also known as Blu-ray Disc (BD) is the name of a next-generation optical
disc format jointly developed by the Blu-ray Disc Association (BDA), a group of leading
consumer electronics and PC companies (including Apple, Dell, Hitachi, HP, JVC, LG,
Mitsubishi, Panasonic, Pioneer, Philips, Samsung, Sharp, Sony, TDK and Thomson). The
format was developed to enable recording, rewriting and playback of high-definition video
(HD), as well as storing large amounts of data. A single-layer Blu-ray Disc can hold 25GB,
which can be used to record over 2 hours of HDTV or more than 13 hours of standarddefinition
TV. There are also dual-layer versions of the discs that can hold 50GB.

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